Belgium and the Netherlands are two of the more difficult EU countries to become a permanent resident of. You need to start out by finding a job, so that you can have an employer to sponsor you for a visa. After renewing your visa (or the residence card you get after entered the country on a working visa) a few times, you may become eligible for permanent residence. It usually takes a minimum of 5 years or so.
For Belgium, take a look at this website:
Visa A few years ago, when I was researching Belgium, it was said that securing a visa can take up to a full year.
For the Netherlands, you need a letter from your employer saying that your work permit has been applied for before you can apply for a visa - or a statement of support from a partner (say, if you were going to marry a Dutch resident). Check a Dutch consulate website, but again, the visa can take anywhere from 3 months to a year to be issued.
Cheers,
Bev