Your bank will have a reciprocating Bank in the USA and worldwide.
They can help you open an account and transfer money into that account. Wisdom dictates to retain some money in your bank account at home until you are settled here. Without your Social Security card/number here you can use a TIN or tax ID number which you apply for at the IRS. Quick and easy.
Use that number instead when opening an account with a Debit card connected to your checking.
Provided it has Visa on the Debit card you can use your current Debit card to withdraw money at any ATM
There are Banks that open accounts without ay number like Bank of America. Not all banks are in all states though , but you can use the Debit Card .